Ms. Tischner

Research samples

Follow MLA formatting guidelines. See orange sheet, blue research guide or on-line version on Walton site.

Sample Preliminary/ working outline

T.J. Murphy

Mrs. Murphy

Honors American Lit 111B

12 March 2007

An Unhealthy Balance: Deterioration of the Mind in “The Fall of the House of Usher”

Thesis: In “The Fall of the House of Usher,” Edgar Allan Poe uses symbolism to reflect his theme that man inherently possesses a dual nature and that a physical or emotional imbalance in that nature deteriorates both his character and his sanity.

I.                    Roderick and Madeline Usher as twins symbolize the inseperable…

II.                 The symbolism of Roderick alone is …..

III.               The house of Usher acts as a personified character

IV.              The symbolism of the irreparable fissure in the house of Usher foreshadows the twins’ demise.

 

Essay Titles

1.      The title of your essay is not the same as the title of the work.

Incorrect: Romeo and Juliet

Better: Romeo and Juliet: Victims of Fate or Fools of Free Will?

 

2.      The title of your essay is not a label.

Incorrect: Romeo and Juliet Essay

Incorrect: Light and Dark Imagery

Better: Sunshine and Shadow in Romeo and Juliet

 

3.      The title of an essay is not a sentence.

Incorrect: Fate Plays an Important Role in Romeo and Juliet

Better: Fate versus Free Will in Romeo and Juliet

 

4.      The title of your essay should be clear and specific.

Incorrect: Romeo and Juliet Essay

Incorrect: Character in Romeo and Juliet

Better: Friar Laurence: Sage or Stumbler

 

5.      Follow the rules of capitalization and punctuation.

·   Do not underline, place in quotes, or italicize your essay title.

·   Capitalize the first and last words of a title plus all words in between except for articles (a, an, the), short prepositions (to, of), and coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or). Capitalize prepositions that are five or more letters (Between, Across).

·   Underline or Italicize the title of novels and plays if they are use in the title of your essay.

Example:

Rochester

as Byronic Hero in Jane Eyre   

·   Place the titles of short stories, poems and essays in quotation marks if they are used in your title.

Examples: Ambiguity in Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”

 

 

The Introductory Paragraph

 

Introductory Paragraphs should include the following:

·   A “hook” to grab the reader.

·   An introduction to the topic (including title of work(s) and author(s) for literary analysis).

·   A brief explanation of the topic. This may involve very brief plot summary.

·   A bridge sentence or two to ease the reader from the overview of the topic to the specific point to be demonstrated.

·   A thesis statement (the specific point(s) to be “proved”).

 

How NOT to begin an essay:

 

·   Place Holder: Broad, generic statement that lacks focus.

Example: Great literature provides a window to another world; it enables readers to travel to a different time and different place and experience events and emotions they might otherwise not be able to know.

·   Webster’s Dictionary: Define a key word and proceed from there.

Example: Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary defines “fate” as “that which is destined or decreed.”

·   Dawn of man introduction: A broad, sweeping statement about the topic since the beginning of mankind.

Example: Mankind has long sought to understand the nature and power of love.

·   Book report introduction: beginning with the title, author and a general comment about the work

Example: In Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeare presents the tragic story of star-crossed lovers challenging both fate and the conventions of the time.

·   Sweeping generalizations: grandiose statements making sweeping generalizations about the work

Example: William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is one of the most famous and widely-read plays of all time.

·   Rush to write introduction: jumping right in to the paper without providing an introduction to the topic

Example: Prince Escalus’s three appearances dramatically alter the course of Romeo and Juliet.

 

How TO begin an essay:

 

The key to a good introduction is to be informative and thought-provoking and to make your material relevant to your audience. Ways to do this include the following.

 

·                    General Discussion:  Explain in general terms how your topic relates to society as a whole.  For example, on the theme of the inevitability of the corruption of innocence, you might start with something like, “At some point in life, everyone experiences that moment where he can feel himself beginning to change, the moment when he knows that the carefree days of youth have been left behind.”  Continue to relate that scenario to society as a whole; then gradually lead into your novel, ending with a more specific thesis statement.

 

·                    Quotations:  Begin your introduction with a meaningful, philosophical, or inspirational quote that enhances your overall point.  Make sure that your quote is by an author different from the author of your novel or any of the sources you use in the paper:  the idea is to get an alternative perspective on your topic.  For instance, if your topic is that the search for self-identity is essential to humankind, you might use J. R. R. Tolkein’s quote, “Not all who wander are lost.”  Elaborate on the universal relevance of your quote and relate it to the ideas in your paper; then end with a specific thesis.

 

·                    History / Biography / Statistics:  Some topics lend themselves to “real world” backdrops.  In this case, you might want to use facts to prove the relevance to the reader.  For example, if your novel is highly autobiographical, you might want to include several pertinent facts about the author’s life and then show how these facts relate to the theme.  If your topic is related to abuse, you could use current statistics about abuse in

America

to emphasize the relevance of the topic.  In the case of Elie Wiesel’s Night, you could use the historical backdrop of the Holocaust to enhance the relevance of the theme.  Be careful in choosing your details and make everything relevant; make sure you don’t give too much information.  Save specific details about your novel for body paragraphs.

 

·                    Imaginary / Hypothetical Scenario:  Use strong sensory imagery and somewhat hypothetical scenarios to pull at the “heart strings” of your reader.  Create a mental picture for the reader in the first few sentences of your paper that will stay with him/her throughout.  For instance, if you are writing on the myth of idealistic heroism in war, you might begin like this:  “The eighteen-year-old soldier crouches in the muddy ditch in the middle of the night, all senses alert and ready for anything.  His best friend and platoon mate tries to hide his paralyzing fears by joking about what their mothers would think if they saw how dirty they were.  Neither one hears the imperceptible grenade that hurdles through the air and lands on one soldier’s leg, severing it immediately like a hot knife through butter.”  You would then go on to relate this little story to your novel and eventually to your thesis.

 

·                    Definition:  Sometimes the novel has a word or phrase that is key to the theme but is difficult to define.  This is especially common in novels set in foreign cultures (The Joy Luck Club, All the Pretty Horses, The House of the Spirits, etc.).  You can begin your introduction by defining that term, thus bringing the reader “into the loop” and relating it immediately to your topic.

 

·                    Rhetorical Question: Begin with a question or two that you will answer in your paper. This type of introduction can easily become trite; use with caution. For an example of this type of introduction, see the sample essay on page 16.

 

Introductory Paragraph and Exteneded Outline

Will Murphy

Mrs. Murphy

Honors American Lit

2 March 2006

Symbolism in “The Fall of the House of Usher”

 “I became insane, with large intervals of horrible sanity,” wrote Edgar Allan Poe, the most famous of the anti-transcendentalists and the man recognized by many critics as the creator of the horror story (12). As for Poe’s own assessment of his mental health, the truths of his evaluation clearly shine through in his works: he blends the sane and the insane to create intense, horrifying tales. Among his many famous works, “The Fall of the House of Usher” stands as a monument to Poe’s stunning talent as an author; he constructs—piece by piece, crumbling stone by crumbling stone—a literal house of unseen fear. In this ghastly short story, Poe plays upon the anti-transcendentalist ideas that man contains a balance of good and evil and that self-knowledge is always limited. Like the weaver who winds thread in and out to create a multi-colored tapestry, Poe weaves enticing lines filled with symbolism, similes, and metaphors to demonstrate his beliefs. Each thread in the intricate storyline reveals a little more about the nature of the human character, and each end of a line leads the reader to conclusions within the farthest realm of surreal thought. In “The Fall of the House of Usher,” Poe uses symbolism to reflect his theme that man inherently possesses a dual nature and that a physical or emotional imbalance in that nature deteriorates both his character and his sanity.

I.                    Roderick and Madeline Usher are physical manifestations of the imbalance in man’s nature.

A.     Roderick and Madeline Usher represent one being.

1.      As Roderick Usher and the narrator entomb Madeline Usher after her death, the narrator comments, “A striking similitude between the brother and sister now first arrested my attention; and words from which I learned that the deceased and himself had been twins, and that sympathies of a scarcely intelligible nature had always existed between them” (Poe 319).

a.       Roderick and Madeline Usher are physically alike.

b.      They have a deep connection and understand each other with a comprehension that goes beyond normal thought.

2.      The twins represent “one consciousness in two bodies” (Abel 381-382).

3.      Though the twins symbolize one being, some critics suggest that they represent different facets of that being: Martha Womack, for example, states, “Roderick represents the mind or the intellect, while the portion of personality that we refer to as the sense (hearing, seeing, touching, tasting, and smelling) is represented by Madeline” (4).

a.       Each twin represents part of a whole.

b.      Their differences eventually cause the dissolution of the being, meaning the death of the two parts of that being.

B.     Roderick’s own well-being relies on Madeline’s.

1.      Much of the gloominess and illness of Roderick Usher can be attributed to the illness and approaching death of Madeline Usher, his only companion and last living relative (Poe 314).

a.       As two parts that must work together to function, as Madeline deteriorates, she indirectly drags Usher down with her.

b.      Usher, in trying to separate from Madeline and gain some semblance of independence, unwittingly brings about his own demise.

2.      Madeline’s condition worsens; so does Roderick’s.

II.                 Through Madeline Usher’s symbolic death, Poe clearly suggests that man’s duality must be resolved or reconciled in order for him to survive.

(Obviously, this would be continued)

Intro paragraph:

For your intro, you need to relate your works to the literary period(s) in which they were written. Use this paragraph as a model, but, when in doubt, go for conciseness and clarity! Thesis last. Remember to use MLA format (TNR 12-point, double-space, header, margins, etc.)

 

Detailed outline:

A few tips to remember: 1. The detailed outline is an opportunity for you to organize your notes the way you think they should be ordered in your paper. If you did a good job taking notes, you don’t need to create anything new for this part of the research paper. 2. Nothing can stand by itself. You can’t have a I without a II, an A without a B, a 1 without a 2, an a without a b, etc. 3. Your outline should be in parallel structure. The easiest way to accomplish this is to use sentences for everything except the Roman numerals. The Roman numerals, however, should be in the same grammatical form. (They probably are if you did well on your preliminary outline, but double-check.)

 

 Final Rubric

 

Honors World Lit Research Paper                                                          Name ____________________

 

Research

An “A” (45-50) in research indicates that the writer did all of the following:

_____correctly used parenthetical documentation (all paraphrasing and direct quotes documented

correctly; documentation flows, introduced writer in first reference and used last names from then on, used names in lead-in or signal phrases, used “line” in first poem reference and numbers afterward, used backslashes between lines of poetry, etc. )

_____ included a Works Cited page that meets requirements, is in proper format, has all sources used

listed and all listed sources used

_____paraphrased in a way that represents the writer’s ideas accurately

_____used exact direct quotes

_____used a variety of lead-ins and blends for quotes

_____used an appropriate number of quotes and paraphrases to support ideas

_____used correct number and type of authoritative sources

_____used correct formatting: header, heading, page numbers, margins, font size, spacing, indents, etc.

_____highlighted sources

 

 

Content

An “A” (45-50) in content indicates that the writer did all of the following:

 

_____meets length requirement (percentage factor)

_____has an appropriate title

_____has an effective intro with a powerful grabber and a strong, approved, specific, significant thesis statement that is supported in the paper

_____has clear and relevant topic sentences and smooth transitions—every sentence relates to the previous and subsequent sentences

_____has good development of ideas with little (if any) deviation from topic

_____used source material appropriately

_____has a well-developed conclusion that rephrases thesis, returns to intro hook and says something new, states something significant about the topic in a broad sense, is not too specific for a conclusion

_____does not have unnecessary wordiness to “pad” paper

 

 

Grammar/mechanics/style (5 points off per error unless otherwise noted)

_____agreement errors (s/v, pronoun/antecedent, number)

_____comma splices, fragments, run-ons (-15 each)

_____diction (inappropriate, incorrect usage)

_____modifiers incorrectly used (dangling or misplaced)

_____parallel structure errors

_____passive voice used when active voice would suffice

_____person (other than third)

_____pronoun usage (unclear reference, incorrect cast)

_____proofreading (word, letter omissions, etc.) 

_____spelling errors (includes capitalization, contractions, abbreviations, apostrophes, numbers, homonyms)

_____syntax that’s not varied, clear, correct

_____verb tense problems (inconsistent or does not adhere to literary present and historical past)

The total of the three parts will equal the research paper grade. ________________/100

 

 

 

The Stranger - Study questions

Part 1 - Chapter 1 questions

1. Where does Meursault live?

2. How does Meursault react when he learns of his mother’s death?

3. What happens when Meursault asks his employer for time off to attend his mother’s funeral?

4. Who is Celeste?

5. What happens to Meursault on the bus to the nursing home?

6. How does Meursault feel when he talks to the warden?

7. What do Meursault and the doorkeeper do during the all-night vigil?

8. Who is Thomas Perez?

9. Does Meursault cry at his mother’s funeral?

10. What does Meursault react to during the funeral?

Chapter 2

1. Why does Meursault worry about his employer when he wakes up on Saturday morning?

2. Who is Marie Cardona?

3. What kind of movie does Marie want to see?

4. How does Marie react when Meursault tells her about his mother?

5. Why does Meursault decide not to eat at Celeste’s on Sunday?

6. What does Meursault do when he’s alone in his apartment?

7. Who does Meursault see from his bedroom window?

8. How does the tobacconist sit on his chair?

9. What does the football fan say to Meursault?

10. How does Meursault feel about Sundays?

Study Questions - Chap 3
1. How does Meursault’s employer treat him when he returns to work on Monday?

2. Who is Emmanuel?

3. How does Celeste react when he sees Meursault?

4. How long has old Salamano had his dog and why does he abuse him?

5. Who is Raymond Sintes?

6. Why does Raymond want to get revenge on his girlfriend?

7. What does Raymond ask Meursault to do for him?

8. Does Meursault want to be Raymond’s friend?

9. What does Raymond say about Meursault’s mother?

10. What does Meursault do after he leaves Raymond’s room?

Study Questions- 4
1. Where do Meursault and Marie go on Saturday?

2. What does Marie do when Meursault tells her about old Salamano and his dog?

3. How does Meursault feel about policemen?

4. How does Raymond greet the policeman who comes to his door?

5. Why is Raymond shaking when he talks to the policeman?

6. How does Meursault feel about being Raymond’s witness?

7. Why is old Salamano so upset?

8. How does Raymond treat Salamano?

9. When Salamano visits Meursault, what does Meursault tell him?

10. Why does Meursault think about his mother?

Chapter 5 - Study Questions
1. Where does Raymond want to go on Sunday with Meursault and Marie?

2. What does Meursault’s employer suggest during their ¬meeting?

3. How does Meursault feel about Paris?

4. What does Marie ask Meursault?

5. Does Meursault want to marry Marie?

6. With whom does Meursault eat at Celeste’s?

7. What does Meursault notice about the “robot” woman?

8. What was Salamano’s occupation?

9. According to Salamano, what do Meursault’s neighbors say about him?

10. Why did Me --ursault put his mother in the nursing home?Chapter 6.

Chapter 6 -Study Questions
1. How does Meursault feel when he wakes up on Sunday morning¬?

2. Where does Meursault first see the Arabs?

3. What does Meursault think about Raymond’s outfit?

4. Who is Masson?

5. How does Meursault feel after he eats lunch?

6. Where do Meursault, Raymond, and Masson go after lunch?

7. What happens when Raymond fights with the Arab?

8. What does Raymond do when he meets the Arab again?

9. How does the sun affect Meursault when he’s walking alone on the beach?

10. What happens when Meursault confronts the Arab?

Part 2, Chapter 1: Questions
1. What does Meursault think about the magistrate when he first meets him?

2. What does Meursault’s lawyer look like?

3. What charge against Meursault, besides murder, is the lawyer concerned about?

4. Is the lawyer optimistic about Meursault’s case?

5. How did Meursault feel about his mother?

6. How does the lawyer react to Meursault during their first meeting?

7. What does the typist do during Meursault’s meeting with the magistrate?

8. How does Meursault react to the magistrate when the magistrate starts talking about God?

9. How does Meursault feel sitting in the magistrate’s office?

10. Does Meursault accept the fact that he is a criminal?

Chapter 2
1. What does Meursault hope for when he’s first put in prison?

2. How does the Arab prisoner help out Meursault?

3. What does Meursault feel the first night he spends in jail?

4. How far apart are the prisoners kept from their visitors?

5. What does Meursault long for when he sees Marie?

6. What does Marie do when Meursault is led back out of the Visitors’ Room?

7. Why does the jailer think Meursault is different?

8. Besides women, what else are the prisoners deprived of?

9. As Meursault loses track of time, what are the two words that still have meaning for him?

10. What does Meursault use for a mirror?

Part 2 -Chapter 3

1. During what month does Meursault’s trial begin?

2. What does the special news correspondent from Paris look like?

3. How many judges preside over Meursault’s trial?

4. What is the first thing the judge questions Meursault about?

5. What does the judge ask Meursault about his mother?

6. Following Meursault, who is the first witness called?

7. What does the doorkeeper say about Meursault?

8. Who does the defense call as its first witness?

Chapter 4

Study Questions
1. According to Meursault, what did the prosecutor “aim at” during his closing argument?

2. How does Meursault want to explain his lack of regret to the prosecutor?

3. What does the prosecutor call “the most odious of crimes?”

4. How does the prosecutor compare Meursault’s crime to the parricide case?

5. Since Meursault has already admitted killing the Arab, what verdict does the prosecutor ask for?

6. How do some of the spectators in the courtroom react when Meursault tries to explain his reaction to the sun?

7. What word does Meursault’s lawyer use when referring to Meursault during his speech?

8. What is Meursault’s impression of his lawyer?

9. How is Meursault to be executed?

10. How do those near Meursault react to him after the sentence is read?

9. What does Marie do at the conclusion of her testimony?

Part 2 - Chapter 5

Study Questions
1. How many times has Meursault refused to see the chaplain?

2. The guillotine reminds Meursault of what other type of device?

3. How does Meursault spend his nights in his cell?

4. What subject does Meursault wish he had read more about?

5. What does Meursault do after he refuses to see the chaplain?

6. Instead of a “divine face,” what image does Meursault try to see on the wall of his prison cell?

7. Does Meursault allow the chaplain to kiss him?

8. What happens when the chaplain touches Meursault’s shoulder?

9. When the jailers rush into Meursault’s cell, what do they do to him?

10. What does Meursault do after the chaplain leaves?

10. Who is the last witness?

World Research docs and due dates

Download Reseach paper final rubric

Download Research paper--detailed outline

Download Research notecards

Download Research paper--titles and intro

Download Research--sample thesis and prelim outline

4/22 annotated bibliography due 3 secondary sources

4/24 preliminary/working outline - thesis due

4/27 20 notecards due  - include highlighted sources

4/30 intro paragraph and extended outline

5/6  1st draft

5/11 final

World Research docs and due dates

Download Reseach paper final rubric

Download Research paper--detailed outline

Download Research notecards

Download Research paper--titles and intro

Download Research--sample thesis and prelim outline

4/22 annotated bibliography due 3 secondary sources

4/24 preliminary/working outline - thesis due

4/27 20 notecards due  - include highlighted sources

4/30 intro paragraph and extended outline

5/6  1st draft

5/11 final draft

Julius Caesar

                     

Julius Caesar

Study Guide

Act I, scene 1

1. How does Shakespeare use humor in the opening scene?

2. A pun is a play on words, two words that sound alike but have different meanings. Find two examples of puns in the opening lines of the scene.

3. How does Shakespeare show the political conflict in Rome?

4. What is the reason the cobbler tells Flavius and Marullus he is leading the people through the street?

5. What is the real reason the people are out in the street?

6. What about Pompey is revealed in this scene?

7. What information is given about Caesar?

8. How does the scene show the fickleness of the crowd?

9. Shakespeare often uses comparisons (metaphor and simile) and figurative language. What is the comparison Flavius makes in the final lines of the scene?

10. What are the intentions of Flavius and Marullus as the scene ends?

Scene 2

1. How is Caesar’s power indicated in the scene?

2. What was the soothsayer’s warning?

3. What reason does Brutus give Cassius for his coolness towards him?

4. What two stories does Brutus tell about Caesar?

5. What does Cassius compare Caesar to in lines 142–45?

6. What reasons does Caesar give Antony that Cassius is dangerous?

7. Why does Casca say Caesar fell?

8. What does Brutus mean when he says Caesar has the “falling sickness”?

9. What does Cassius mean when he says, “But you, and I / And Casca, we have the falling sickness”? (266–67)

10. How does Cassius plan to trick Brutus into joining the plot against Caesar?

Act I, Scene 3

1. Why does Casca have his sword drawn?

2. What two “supernatural” events does Casca describe to Cicero?

3. What unusual “natural” event does he tell about?

4. Why does Casca think these unusual things are happening?

5. What information about Caesar is revealed in their conversation?

6. How is Cassius’ conduct in the storm different from Casca’s?

7. How does Cassius interpret all that is happening in Rome?

8. What news does Cinna bring to Cassius?

9. Why does Casca think it is important for Brutus to join with them in the plot against Caesar?

10. How does Cassius plan to put extra pressure on Brutus at the end of Act I?

Act II, Scene 1

1. What reason does Brutus give in his soliloquy for killing Caesar?

2. What do the letters addressed to Brutus say?

3. Why can’t Lucius identify the men with Cassius?

4. Why does Brutus oppose the idea of swearing an oath?

5. Why does Brutus object to Cicero joining the conspiracy?

6. Why does Brutus oppose killing Mark Antony?

7. How does Decius plan to get Caesar to the Capitol?

8. What advice does Brutus give the conspirators as they leave his house?

9. Why does Portia think she is strong enough to share in Brutus’ plans?

10. How does Caius Ligarius prove his high regard for Brutus?

Act II, Scene 2

1. Why is Caesar concerned when the scene begins?

2. What is Calphurnia’s request of Caesar?

3. What is Caesar’s response to Calphurnia’s concern he might be killed?

4. What was the result of the sacrifice performed by the augurers?

5. What reasons does Caesar give Decius for staying home?

6. What was Calphurnia’s dream?

7. How does Decius use flattery to get Caesar to change his mind?

8. How does Decius interpret Calphurnia’s dream?

9. What does Trebonius say when Caesar tells him to stay by?

10. What is the irony in Caesar’s last lines in the scene?

Act II, Scenes 3,4

1. How does Shakespeare add the element of suspense in these two short scenes?

2. What is Artemidorus’ warning?

3. What does Artemidorus mean when he says, “Security gives way to conspiracy”? (Sc. 3, 7–8)

4. How does he plan to give Caesar his letter?

5. Why doesn’t Lucius carry out Portia’s request?

6. What does Portia mean in her aside, “O constancy, be strong upon my side; / Set a huge mountain ‘tween my heart and tongue. / I have a man’s mind but a woman’s might. / How hard it is for women to keep counsel!” (Sc. 4, 7–10)?

7. What does she tell Lucius to do?

8. What does the soothsayer tell Portia he plans to do?

9. What is Portia’s wish for Brutus?

10. How does Portia try to cover up being overheard by Lucius?

Act III, Scene 1

1. Why does Caesar not read Artemidorus’ letter?

2. Why does Cassius think their assassination plan has been discovered?

3. Why does Caesar get angry at Metellus?

4. What does Brutus tell the frightened senators after Caesar’s assassination?

5. How does Calphurnia’s dream come true?

6. What does Antony want from the conspirators?

7. What restrictions does Brutus place on Antony when he allows him to speak at the funeral?

8. What does Antony predict in his soliloquy?

9. What information does the messenger bring to Antony?

10. What are Antony’s intentions as the scene ends?

Act III, Scenes 2,3

1. How does Brutus justify the killing of Caesar to the people of Rome?

2. What is the crowd’s reaction to Brutus’ speech?

3. What two reasons does Antony give to prove Caesar wasn’t ambitious?

4. How does Antony use irony in his funeral speech?

5. What is the pun Antony uses in line 114 of Scene 3?

6. How does Antony use Caesar’s cloak to manipulate the crowd?

7. How does Antony say that Caesar died?

8. What is the news that the messenger brings to Antony at the end of the scene?

9. Why is Cinna out on the streets?

10. What is the excuse the mob uses to kill Cinna?

Act IV, Scene 1

1. Why are Antony, Octavius, and Lepidus together in the scene?

2. How does Shakespeare show their callousness?

3. Why does Antony send Lepidus to Caesar’s house?

4. What is Antony’s true opinion of Lepidus?

5. Why did Antony pick Lepidus as one of the new leaders of Rome?

6. What does Antony compare Lepidus to?

7. What is Octavius’ assessment of Lepidus?

8. What is Antony’s response to Octavius?

9. What news does Antony tell Octavius about Brutus and Cassius?

10. Why does Octavius agree with Antony’s plan to go after Cassius and Brutus?

Act IV, Scenes 2,3

1. Why is Brutus concerned about Lucilius’ account of his meeting with Cassius?

2. Why does Brutus tell Cassius to come into his tent?

3. Why is Cassius angry with Brutus?

4. Why is Brutus angry with Cassius?

5. Why does Brutus say he is not afraid of Cassius’ threats?

6. What is the advice given to Cassius and Brutus by the poet?

7. What is the news from Rome?

8. What are Brutus’ and Cassius’ battle plans?

9. What reasons does Brutus give for his plan?

10. What does the ghost of Caesar tell Brutus?1. What order does Brutus give Messala in the battle?

Act V, Scene 1

1. What does Octavius report to Antony in the opening lines of the scene?

2. What is the cause of the disagreement between Antony and Octavius?

3. How does Antony insult Cassius and Brutus?

4. What is Cassius’ response to Antony’s insult?

5. Why is Cassius reluctant to fight the battle?

6. What are the omens he has observed?

7. Why would it be ironic if Cassius dies in the battle?

8. What is Brutus’ attitude concerning suicide?

9. What is Brutus’ response when Cassius asks if he is “contented to be led in triumph / Thorough the streets of Rome?” (119–20)

10. Why is Brutus anxious for the battle to begin?

Act V, Scenes 2,3

1. What order does Brutus give Messala in the battle?

2. How does Cassius try to prevent the retreat?

3. What news does Pindarus bring the retreating Cassius?

4. Why does Cassius ask Pindarus to describe Titinius’ ride instead of doing so himself?

5. What does Pindarus describe?

6. What request does Cassius make of Pindarus?

7. What is ironic about the way Cassius dies?

8. What is the message Titinius has for Cassius?

9. How does Titinius show his high regard for Cassius?

10. Why does Brutus plan to send Cassius’ body to Thasos for burial?

Act V, Scenes 4,5

1. What happens to young Cato?

2. How does Lucilius try to confuse the enemy troops?

3. What does Lucilius request of the two soldiers?

4. What does Antony do when he recognizes Lucilius?

5. Why does Brutus say he wants to commit suicide?

6. What is the one thing Brutus says he is happy about before he dies?

7. How does Brutus die?

8. How does Strato answer Messala’s inquiry about Brutus?

9. How does Octavius restore order to Rome after the battle?

10. How does Antony regard Brutus at the end of the play?

Very Cool Links

• Julius Caesar Suzanne Cross's site with in‑depth history of Caesar, plus a timeline and links.
• C. Julius Caesar Jona Lendering's in‑depth history of Caesar (Livius. Org)
• Julius Caesar — virgil.org An Annotated Guide to Online Resources categorised into Primary Sources, Background & Images, Modern Essays & Historical Fiction.
• Julius Caesar, page with many links in several languages, including English
• History of Julius Caesar
• Julius Caesar: An alternative view of his motives
• The Heart of Change: Julius Caesar and the End of the Roman Republic
• Julius Caesar at BBC History

American Literature - The Great Gatsby

test: 3/27  - 1 chapter per night

The Great Gatsby

                       

The Great Gatsby

Modernism: An Introduction

The dominant artistic movement from about 1900 to 1940, modernism was characterized by the reexamination of existence from every possible angle. Modernist writers sought to leave the traditions of nineteenth-century literature behind in terms of form, content, and expression. They realized that a new industrial age—full of machines, buildings, and technology—had ushered out rural living forever, and the result was often a pessimistic view of what lay before humankind. Frequent themes in modernist works are loneliness and isolation (even in cities teeming with people), and a significant number of writers tried to capture that sense of solitude by engaging in stream-of-consciousness writing, which captures the thought process of a single character as it happens without interruption. Some of the most famous modernist authors include Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Virginia Woolf, and James Joyce.

Essential Facts

1. Open form and free verse are distinguishing characteristics of modernist poetry. Though commonplace now, this style was quite a break from nineteenth-century rules about meter and rhyme.
2. The moniker “The Lost Generation” was coined by Gertrude Stein and refers to those artists of the 1920s who had become disillusioned with America and found themselves living as ex-patriots in Europe, chiefly in France.
3. An example of stream-of-consciousness (also called “interior monologue”) from Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway: “She felt somehow very like him—the young man who had killed himself. She felt glad that he had done it; thrown it away. The clock was striking. The leaden circles dissolved in the air. He made her feel the beauty; made her feel the fun. But she must go back. She must assemble.”
4. One of the most famous poets and influential critics of the modernist era was T. S. Eliot, whose seminal works like The Waste Land captured the despair and angst of the new century.
5. “The Jazz Age” (1918-1929) was an especially productive period of modernist literature. The Jazz Age was immortalized by F. Scott Fitzgerald in his classic novel The Great Gatsby, which describes the decadence and sexual freedom of the post-World War I generation.

                  

Study Guide

Chapter 1

1. Who is the narrator of the story?

2. What is the significance of the white space between paragraphs 4 and 5?

3. From what part of the country does Nick originally come?

4. Why has Nick moved to New York?

5. How does Nick come to live next door to Jay Gatsby?

6. Where had Nick known Tom Buchanan before?

7. What is Jordan Baker’s relationship to Daisy Buchanan?

8. What does Nick learn from Jordan when Tom is called to the phone?

9. What is the “secret society”?

10. What does Nick see Gatsby doing at the end of the chapter?

Chapter 2

1. What is the Valley of Ashes literally?

2. Who or what is Dr. T. J. Eckleburg?

3. What is George Wilson’s occupation?

4. What items does Myrtle purchase in the city?

5. What is significant about Myrtle’s questioning whether the dog is a boy or girl?

6. Who is Catherine?

7. What effect does the change of dress have on Myrtle?

8. How does Myrtle talk about the help at the hotel?

9. What rumor has Catherine heard about Gatsby?

10. How does Catherine explain to Nick the affair of Myrtle and Tom?

Chapter 3

1. What kinds of cars does Gatsby use to transport guests?

2. How do the guests behave?

3. What does Nick wear to the party?

4. How does Gatsby interact with the guests?

5. What observation does Owl-Eyes make about Gatsby’s library?

6. What is Nick’s first opinion of Gatsby?

7. What happens at the end of the party as the guests are leaving?

8. What does Gatsby’s formal gesture of waving farewell remind us of?

9. What story does Nick recall about Jordan, and what is the catalyst for his remembering?

10. How does Nick provide a contrast, a foil character, to Jordan?

Chapter 4

1. What is the date at this point in the novel?

2. Whom does Nick encounter at Gatsby’s party?

3. What is the suggestion about Henry L. Palmetto’s death?

4. In the description of Gatsby’s car, what is the significance of its being bright with nickel and swollen in its monstrous length with all kinds of boxes?

5. What phrase does Gatsby repeatedly use to address Nick and others?

6. In what country did Gatsby receive a medal “For Valour Extraordinary”?

7. Who fixed the World Series in 1919, according to Gatsby?

8. Why is Daisy’s reputation so pristine?

9. For how long has Gatsby been pursuing Daisy?

10. What phrase keeps coming back to Nick?

Chapter 5

1. Why does Nick say Gatsby’s house looks like the World’s Fair?

2. How does Gatsby’s gardener help prepare for Daisy’s visit?

3. How does Gatsby dress for the rendezvous with Daisy?

4. Who is the Finn referred to in Chapter 5?

5. How long has it been since Daisy and Gatsby had seen each other?

6. What does Gatsby’s maid do when leaning out a central bay window?

7. In what way are the various rooms in Gatsby’s mansion described in historical terms?

8. Who was Gatsby’s first benefactor?

9. What part does nature play in the rendezvous?

10. Who provides the musical background for the love scene?

Chapter 6

1. In what state did Gatsby grow up?

2. What was his real name?

3. What was Dan Cody’s background?

4. Who was Ella Kaye?

5. How much was to have been Gatsby’s inheritance from Cody?

6. Why did he not receive it?

7. What is the significance of the threesome not waiting for Gatsby?

8. Why was Daisy appalled at Gatsby’s party?

9. How did Tom charge Gatsby with making his money?

10. In what season of the year had Gatsby met and kissed Daisy?

Chapter 7

1. Why does Gatsby let all his domestic help go?

2. Whom does he use instead?

3. Why do the characters decide to go to New York?

4. What does Pammy wear when she comes into the room?

5. What does Gatsby say about Daisy’s voice?

6. What does Tom drive to New York?

7. Who rides with Gatsby?

8. What comment does Tom make about drug stores?

9. Of what does Tom accuse Gatsby?

10. How old is Nick at the party?

Chapter 8

1. How late does Gatsby stand outside Daisy’s house, waiting to see if she needed him?

2. Why is Gatsby’s house unkempt?

3. Why does Nick advise Gatsby to go away a while?

4. Where had Gatsby met Daisy, according to the story he tells Nick?

5. What might Fitzgerald mean in describing Daisy’s porch as “bright with the bought luxury of starshine”?

6. Why didn’t Gatsby return to Daisy immediately after the war?

7. When Gatsby returned to Louisville, where was Daisy?

8. Why is the chauffeur about to drain the pool?

9. Why does Gatsby ask him to wait?

10. After learning who owns the yellow death car, what does Wilson do?

Chapter 9

1. How is Gatsby’s death explained by the press in local newspapers?

2. How does Catherine respond to questions about her sister?

3. How does Wolfsheim’s letter attempt to explain his not attending the funeral?

4. Who is Henry C. Gatz?

5. Why does Klipspringer call?

6. When Nick locates Wolfsheim’s office and demands to see him, what is ironic about the situation?

7. How does Wolfsheim remember Gatsby?

8. Why did Gatsby continue to wear Army uniforms?

9. What could Nick mean when he concludes, “This has been a story of the West, after all—”?

10. What is the meaning of the last paragraph, the metaphor, of the book?   

Even More Gatsby and Daisy

references - these are so cool, especially #2; Summer, Terrance, and Maddy will love #3.

1. ^ Leader, Zachary. Daisy packs her bags. London Review of Books.
2. ^ Cornell University New Student Reading Project.
3. ^ http://www.sc.edu/fitzgerald/essays/eyes/eyes.html

[edit] External links

quotations related to:

The Great Gatsby

Sources

• The Great Gatsby, from Project Gutenberg Australia, plain text.
• The Great Gatsby online.
• Three Novels (1953). Scanned book from Internet Archive, includes The Great Gatsby.
• Index to The Great Gatsby

Movies

• The Great Gatsby (1926) at the Internet Movie Database
• The Great Gatsby (1949) at the Internet Movie Database
• The Great Gatsby (1974) at the Internet Movie Database
• The Great Gatsby (2000) (TV) at the Internet Movie Database
• G (2002) at the Internet Movie Database

Miscellaneous

• AP: Page Ivey: "Professor, private investigator team up in search of the real 'Great Gatsby'"
• Washington Post - 'Gatsby': The Greatest Of Them All
• Ray C. Fair - "Where did Fitzgerald get the idea of having Clay's Economics reside in Nick Carraway's library?"

World Lit - Iliad notes and study guide

Important Dates: vocab 8 Quiz –Thurs 12/4;

Iliad test - 12/12; optional novel, Electra 12/10 ;   Iliad will be read in class and out. 

SCHEDULE

We will beging Book I on Tues. 12/2 and students will finish Book I for homework that night.

Because there is so much explanation and analysis involved with this epic, readings will be assigned for homework each day as we progress, so focus and keep track of reading and study guide.

Homer’s Iliad

Author Background

Homer was a blind bard who compiled oral legend into two works, the Iliad and the Odyssey.

Historical Context

               Ten years into the Trojan War and the siege of

Troy

by the Greeks

                                                                               Characters

Greeks              

Achilleus - Son of Peleus and Thetis.  His immortal mother dipped him in immortal river to grant him immortality, but she held him by the ankles, which are vulnerable.  Best warrior among the Greeks and leader of the Myrmidons.  Also known as Peleides, Pelion, and Aiakides.

Agamemnon - King of Mycenae; husband of Klytaimestra; brother of Menelaos.  Leader of Greek fighting forces. Also known as Atreides.

               Aias - Strongest warrior on the Greek side after Achilleus.  Called

Ajax

by Romans

Helen - Wife of Menelaos, king of

Sparta

.  The most beautiful woman in the world.  Abducted by

Paris

;  begins Trojan War

               Klytaimestra - Wife of Agamemnon and sister of Helen

Menelaos - King of Sparta and surrounding Lakedaimon area.  Son of Atreus, brother of Agamemnon, rightful husband of Helen, who is abducted by

Paris

               Nestor - King of Pylos;  of an older generation, he serves as a wise councelor

Odysseus - King of Ithaka;  smoothest talker and wiliest thinker on the Greek side;  he is a favorite of Athene

               Patroklos - Best friend of Achilleus;  a warrior on the Greek side.

               Peleus - Father of Achilleus;  mortal husband of the goddess Thetis.

Trojans

               Andromache - Wife of Hektor, mother of Astyanax.

               Astyanax - Infant son of Hektor and Andromache.  Also known as Skamandrios.

               Briseis - Trojan captive girl taken as a war prize by Achilleus.

               Chryses - Priest of Apollo whose daughter is taken as a war prize.  Appeals to Apollo.

Chryseis - Daughter of Chryses, priest of Apollo.  Chyseis is a priestess of Apollo abducted as a war prize by Agamemnon.

Hektor - Prince of

Troy

, son of Priam and Hekabe.  Leader and greatest fighter of the Trojans.  Husband of Andromache, father of Astyanax.

Paris

- Prince of

Troy

, son of Priam and Hekabe.  In the Judgement of Paris, he decided the golden apple should go to Aphrodite, who offered him the most beautiful woman on earth, Helen.  His abduction of Helen started the Trojan War.

               Priam - King of Troy, husband of Hekabe, father of Hektor and Paris

               Hekabe - Queen of

Troy

, wife of Priam, mother of Hektor and Paris

Immortals

Aphrodite - Goddess of love and beauty;   favors the Trojans (since

Paris

picked her when she gave him Helen).  Also known as Lady of Kypros.

Apollo - archer god and god of light, healing, and music.  Also sends plagues.  Protects Trojans.  Also known as Lykios, Phoebus, and Smintheus.

               Ares - God of war;  favors the Trojans

Athene - Daughter of Zeus (born fully armored out of his head).  Protects the Greeks (since

Paris

did not pick her).  Associated with victory, clever thinking, and speaking.  Also known as Pallas and Tritogeneia.

               Hades - Ruler of the underworld.  Also known as Aidoneus

               Hera - Sister and wife of Zeus;  favors the Greeks since

Paris

did not pick her

               Hermes - Messenger god.  Also known as Argeiphontes

               Thetis - Sea goddess;  wife of the mortal Peleus and mother of Achilleus

               Zeus - The most powerful of the gods, known as “father of men and gods”

Homer’s Iliad

                                                                           Literary Terms

               kleos - glory, implying fame and immortality, bestowed on you by others after you die

               time - personal honor;  a value of your worth bestowed by external validation

               xenia - hospitality, sacred and protected by Zeus; strangers must be fed and given shelter

               epic hero - a hero noble or semi-divine in birth who embodies the values of his people

                               Ex:   Achilleus

               epic conventions - typical stylistic devices found in an epic

Ex:  In the Iliad, these include an invocation to the muse, stock epithets, catalogs, formal speeches, genealogies, and use of epic similes.  Often the narrative begins in media res.

                in media res - the literary work begins in the middle of the story;

                               Ex:  In the Iliad, we join our characters ten years into the Trojan War.

               stock epithets - stock descriptive words or phrases, noun - adjective combination

                                Ex:   “resourceful Odysseus”

               meter - the rhythmical pattern of stressed (long) and unstressed (short) syllables

Ex:   In Greek, each line of the Iliad is composed of six feet (metric units) of dactyls        or spondees     (dactylic hexameter)

               dactyl - a metric foot in poetry with one long syllable followed by two short syllables

                               Ex:   “Angrily,”  “circling”

               spondee - a metric foot in poetry with two long (stressed) syllables

                               Ex:   “terror,”  “sea beach”

               ekphrasis - a literary description of a work of visual art

                               Ex:  Homer’s description of Achilleus’s shield

invocation to the muse  - the literary work begins with a request to the muse for inspiration

                               Ex:   “sing goddess”

statement of theme - The first line of the literary work will include an invocation to the muse and will identify the subject matter of the narrative.

                               Ex:   “the anger of Peleus’ son Achilleus and its devastation”

               catalog - a long list;  the Iliad contains long lists of ships, warriors, and armies

Ex:    “He made the earth upon it, and the sky, and the sea’s water, / and the tireless sun, and the moon waxing into her fullness, / and on it all the constellations that festoon the heavens, / the Pleiades and the Hyades and the strength of Orion / and the Bear”

               formal speeches - a fancy speech in formal language given by a character

                               Ex:   Achilleus’s response during the Quarrel between Achilleus and Agamemnon

               epic similes - an extended comparison of two unlike things using like or as

Ex:   “but his purposes are fierce, like a lion / who when he has given way to his own great strength and his haughty / spirit, goes among the flocks of men, to devour them”

               genealogies - records of the ancestry and descent of an individual

                               Ex:   “Peleus’ son Achilles”

               simile - an indirect comparison of two unlike things using like or as

                               Ex:   “like a lion”

                metaphor - a direct comparison of two unlike things

                               Ex:   “Hektor, who is the fairest star”

personification - a type of figurative language in which nonhuman things are given human characteristics

                               Ex:   Pallas Athene makes “weariless fire,” and Hektor’s fury is “slakeless”

The Iliad

Kleos:  glory; implies fame and immortality.  What people say about you.  Warrior achieves fame through acts of bravery and excellence in battle.  This kind of fame is not what is said about you in your lifetime: rather, this fame is achieved through what is said about you after your death.  Immortality is achieved through the communities’ remembrances and discussions of you after a lifetime of time and achievement.

Time:  personal honor: value: external validation.  Warrior achieves honor through external validation.  In other words, status is achieved through peer recognition of achievements and accomplishments.  If peers, other warriors, do not consider achievements great or successful, regardless of how the individual feels, the warrior does NOT have honor.

Therefore, material possessions are a direct measure of honor and prestige in the community.  Loss of material possessions is equivalent to being publicly humiliated, the worst insult a hero could suffer.

Iliad Book I:  The Quarrel                                                                     Study Guide World Literature

1.  According to tradition, when was the Iliad composed?

2.  When do the events in the Iliad take place?

3.  When was the historical sacking of

Troy

?

4.  Identify the invocation to the muse.

5.  Identify the statement of theme.

6.  How does the Iliad begin in media res?

7.  From what are the Greeks suffering?

8.  Why, according to Kalchas, are the Greeks suffering?

9.  Why do Agamemon and Achilles quarrel?

9.  How is Agamemnon characterized in Book I?  Provide specific textual support.

               Dialogue

               Actions

               Appearance

               What other characters say and think about him

               Motivation

10.  How is Achilles characterized in Book I?  Provide specific textual support.

               Dialogue

               Actions

               Appearance

               What other characters say and think about him

               Motivation

11.  Analyze the importance of time in Book I.

12.  Analyze the importance of kleos in Book I.

13.  Analyze the importance of the gods in Book I.

Iliad Book VI:  Hektor and Andromache

1.  Why have both sides suffered more losses?

2.  How is Hektor characterized in Book VI?  Provide specific textual support.

               Dialogue

               Actions

               Appearance

               What other characters say and think about him

               Motivation

3.  How is

Paris

characterized in Book VI? Provide specific textual support.

               Dialogue

               Actions

               Appearance

               What other characters say and think about him

               Motivation

4.  How is Helen characterized in Book VI?  Provide specific textual support.

               Dialogue

               Actions

               Appearance

               What other characters say and think about him

               Motivation

5.  How is Andromache characterized in Book VI? Provide specific textual support.

               Dialogue

               Actions

               Appearance

               What other characters say and think about him

               Motivation

6.  Analyze the importance of kleos in Book VI.

7.  Analyze Homer's use of dramatic irony in Hektor's prayer for his son. (352)

8.  What roles do Aiax and Odysseus play in Book VI?  Why are they the most appropriate men for the task?

Iliad Book XVIII: The Arming of Achilleus

1.  What is the function of ekphrasis in literature? (346)

2.  What is contained in the shield made for Achilleus?  Why is this significant? (346)

3.  What causes Achilleus to overcome his intense fury and join the fighting?

4.  Who delivers this news?

5.  Why does Achilleus blame himself for Patroklos' death?  Is his self-incrimination justified?      Why or why not?

6.  Hephaistos says that he wishes he could forge a shield that would protect Achilleus from his "hard fate."

               A.  What is Achilleus's fate?

               B.  How did his mother try to avert his fate?

C.  Based on your reading of the Iliad so far, is it ever possible for human beings to escape their fate?

               D.  What role do Achilleus's personal characteristics play in bringing about his fate?

7.  The Greek playwright Sophocles wrote, "Fate has terrible power. / You cannot escape it by                wealth or war.  No fort will keep it out, no ships outrun it." 

               A.  How does the contemporary view of fate differ from the ancient Grecian view?

B.  How does the ancient Sumerian view of fate and mortality differ from the ancient Grecian view?

8.  Provide an example of a catalog.

9.  Homer often uses similes to suggest something about the two terms being compared, but        frequently the effect of the simile is to broaden the listener's perspective, challenging the       listener to look for differences as well as similarities. Analyze the following epic simile:

"And there were young men on it and young girls, sought for their beauty / with gifts of oxen, dancing, and holding hands at the wrist.  These / wore, the maidens long robes, but the men wore tunics /  of finespun work and shining softly, touched with olive oil. / And the girls wore fair garlands on their heads, while the young men / carried golden knives that hung from sword-belts of silver. / At whiles on their understanding feet they would run very lightly, / as when a potter crouching makes trial of his wheel, holding it close in his hands, to see if it will run smooth."

A. What two things are being compared?

B.  How are they similar?

C.  How are they different?

10.  On Achilleus' shield, how are images of war balanced with images of peace?

11.  According to the heroic code of ethics, male characters in the Iliad must fight to win glory   for their families and for themselves.  Each hero, however, responds differently to the       warrior code he learned since childhood. 

A.  Which hero, Achilleus or Hektor, is characterized as being more human?  Find           examples to support your answer.

               B.  How are Achilleus' reasons for winning glory similar to Hektor's?

               C.  How are Achilleus' reasons for winning glory different from Hektor's?

Iliad Book XXII:  The Death of Hektor

1.  With what attitude does Hektor face the knowledge that he will die in battle?

2.  What motivates Hektor to face Achilleus?

3.  Find two epic similes.

4.  What images do Homer's epic similes describing Achilleus and Hektor bring to mind?

5. What does Hektor ask Achilleus to promise?  What is Achilleus' response?

6.  What role do the immortals play in the battle?

               Athene:

               Apollo:

               Zeus:

7.  How does Hektor respond to the knowledge that he has been deceived?

              

8.  Where does Hektor receive a fatal blow?

9.  What is Hektor's dying request?

10.  What motivates Achilleus to refuse to return Hektor's body?

11.  What happens to Hektor's body after his death?

12.  How do Hektor's family respond to his death?

               Priam:

               Hekabe:

               Andromache:

13.  How is Andromache's lament similar to and different from

A.   Gilgamesh's lament over Enkidu?

B.   David's lament over Jonathan?

11.  What is the central idea of Book XXII?

Iliad Book XXIV:  Achilleus and Priam

1.  How do the Greeks honor Patroklos in his death?

2.  How do the Greeks dishonor Hektor in his death?

3.  How do the immortals respond to the Greeks' treatment of Hektor?

               Apollo:

               Hera:

               Poseidon:

               Athene:

               Zeus:

               Hermes (Argeïphontes):

4.  What roles do Iris and Thetis play?

5.  What does Homer's description of Achilleus as he mourns Patroklos reveal about Achilleus?

6.  What epic simile describes Priam's supplication before Achilleus?

7.  Why does Achilleus offer Priam food when Priam visits?

8.  How does Priam stir Achilleus' sympathy?

9.  When Priam ransoms Hektor's body from Achilleus, Achilleus describes the two urns that

               stand on Zeus' doorsill.  What do the contents of these two urns indicate about human              life?

10.  Analyze the importance of burial in ancient Greek culture. (388 - 389)

11.  To what agreement do Achilleus and Priam come?

12.  What images and motifs repeat in each of the lamentations over Hektor's returned body?

               Kassandra:

               Andromache:

               Hekabe:

               Helen:

13.  What is the mood at the end of the Iliad?

 

Vocab 8 quiz : THURSDAY 12/4 - World and American Lit

Antigone study guide -

numbers correspond to Oxford Classic, but questions are the same

Antigone

5.  What happened to the two brothers (3)?

6.  What secret does Antigone reveal to Ismene?

7.  What happens to those who disobey Creon (4)?

8.  What action does Antigone ask Ismene to take?

9.  How did Antigone's dad and mom-grandma die?

10.  What is Ismene's reason for refusin (5)?

11.  What characteristic does Antigone show on p. 5?

12.  List two examples of personification on p. 6/

13.  Who is "He" in line 110 (156)?

14.  Who are the "sons of a Dragon" in line 125?

15.  Who does the chorus credit with the victory (7)?

16.  List a simile on p. 7.

17.  Why are the people of Thebes happy (8)?

18.  Who interrupts their happiness?

19.  Who is "worthless"?

20.  What can we infer about the type of ruler Creon is?

21.  Why did Creon choose Eteocles to be buried with dignity and Polyneices to be left to the    animals (9)?

22.  What else does Creon ask of his people in line 218?

23.  What news does the guard bring (10)?

24.  Why did this particular person come bearing news (11)?

25.  What is the most vile thing, according to Creon (12)?

26.  What does he think happened?

27.  What does he threaten the guards with?

28.  Paraphrase lines 326-330.

29.  Why should man be celebrated (14)?

30.  What is man's problem?

31.  How do Creon's men catch Antigone?

32.  How do they trap her?

33.  How does she react (16)?

34.  What is Antigone's rationale for her actions (17)?

35.  Why does she say death is welcome?

36.  What is the "second outrage," according to Creon?

37.  Who else does he condemn?

38.  Does Antigone defend her sister (18)?

39.  What point does she make about her brothers (19)?

40.  How does Ismene respond?

41.  Why is Antigone mad at the idea that Ismene would die with her (20)?

42.  List three examples of Creon's blatant sexism.

43.  What is the "law" listed in lines 613-614?

44.  What does Haemon say to his dad (23)?

45.  How does Creon advise him (24)?

46.  What is the greatest curse, according to Creon?

47.  Does the chorus agree with his perspective?

48.  What, according to Haemon, are others saying about Antigone (25)?

49.  What does he want Creon to do?

50.  How does Creon view his kingship (26)?

51.  How does Haemon?

52.  What does Creon threaten (27)?

53.  What does Haemon say?

54.  How is Antigone to die?

55.  What's good about her death, according to the chorus (29)?

56.  For what, according to the chorus, does Antigone "make atonement"?

57.  What does Antigone say is the source of her anguish?

58.  What, according to the chorus, has been her ruin?

59.  Who does Antigone say cries for her (31)?

60.  Why are Creon's hands clean?

61.  Why would Antigone not have buried her husband or her son?

62.  What is her rationale for burying only her brother (32)?

63.  Who else was imprisoned (33)?

64.  What did Antigone have in common with this person besides imprisonment?

65.  What crimes are described in Strophe 2?

66.  Who comes to see Creon (34)?

67.  What is his ailment?

68.  What did he see (35)?

69.  What happened when he tried to make a sacrifice?

70.  Why is Creon responsible for the sickness?

71.  What is divination?

72.  How does Creon respond (36)?

73.  What does he think Teiresias has received from the villagers?

74.  What name does Teiresias call Creon?

75.  What does he predict (37)?

76.  Who is against Creon? Why?

77.  How does the chorus advise Creon (38)?

78.  Does he accept their suggestions?

79.  Who is dead (40)? How did he die?

80.  Who is Eurydice?

81.  Who else is dead (41)? How did she die?

82.  How did Haemon commit suicide (42)?

83.  Why does the messenger think Eurydice leaves without speaking (42)?

84.  Who else dies (43)? How?

85.  Who is Megareus (44)?

86.  What did Eurydice do on her death bed?

87.  What does Creon want to happen fast (45)?

88.  What flaw of Creon's does the chorus point out at the end of the play?

 

World Lit: Antigone study guide - Test Dec. 2

numbers correspond to Oxford Classic, but questions are the same

Antigone

5.  What happened to the two brothers (3)?

6.  What secret does Antigone reveal to Ismene?

7.  What happens to those who disobey Creon (4)?

8.  What action does Antigone ask Ismene to take?

9.  How did Antigone's dad and mom-grandma die?

10.  What is Ismene's reason for refusin (5)?

11.  What characteristic does Antigone show on p. 5?

12.  List two examples of personification on p. 6/

13.  Who is "He" in line 110 (156)?

14.  Who are the "sons of a Dragon" in line 125?

15.  Who does the chorus credit with the victory (7)?

16.  List a simile on p. 7.

17.  Why are the people of Thebes happy (8)?

18.  Who interrupts their happiness?

19.  Who is "worthless"?

20.  What can we infer about the type of ruler Creon is?

21.  Why did Creon choose Eteocles to be buried with dignity and Polyneices to be left to the    animals (9)?

22.  What else does Creon ask of his people in line 218?

23.  What news does the guard bring (10)?

24.  Why did this particular person come bearing news (11)?

25.  What is the most vile thing, according to Creon (12)?

26.  What does he think happened?

27.  What does he threaten the guards with?

28.  Paraphrase lines 326-330.

29.  Why should man be celebrated (14)?

30.  What is man's problem?

31.  How do Creon's men catch Antigone?

32.  How do they trap her?

33.  How does she react (16)?

34.  What is Antigone's rationale for her actions (17)?

35.  Why does she say death is welcome?

36.  What is the "second outrage," according to Creon?

37.  Who else does he condemn?

38.  Does Antigone defend her sister (18)?

39.  What point does she make about her brothers (19)?

40.  How does Ismene respond?

41.  Why is Antigone mad at the idea that Ismene would die with her (20)?

42.  List three examples of Creon's blatant sexism.

43.  What is the "law" listed in lines 613-614?

44.  What does Haemon say to his dad (23)?

45.  How does Creon advise him (24)?

46.  What is the greatest curse, according to Creon?

47.  Does the chorus agree with his perspective?

48.  What, according to Haemon, are others saying about Antigone (25)?

49.  What does he want Creon to do?

50.  How does Creon view his kingship (26)?

51.  How does Haemon?

52.  What does Creon threaten (27)?

53.  What does Haemon say?

54.  How is Antigone to die?

55.  What's good about her death, according to the chorus (29)?

56.  For what, according to the chorus, does Antigone "make atonement"?

57.  What does Antigone say is the source of her anguish?

58.  What, according to the chorus, has been her ruin?

59.  Who does Antigone say cries for her (31)?

60.  Why are Creon's hands clean?

61.  Why would Antigone not have buried her husband or her son?

62.  What is her rationale for burying only her brother (32)?

63.  Who else was imprisoned (33)?

64.  What did Antigone have in common with this person besides imprisonment?

65.  What crimes are described in Strophe 2?

66.  Who comes to see Creon (34)?

67.  What is his ailment?

68.  What did he see (35)?

69.  What happened when he tried to make a sacrifice?

70.  Why is Creon responsible for the sickness?

71.  What is divination?

72.  How does Creon respond (36)?

73.  What does he think Teiresias has received from the villagers?

74.  What name does Teiresias call Creon?

75.  What does he predict (37)?

76.  Who is against Creon? Why?

77.  How does the chorus advise Creon (38)?

78.  Does he accept their suggestions?

79.  Who is dead (40)? How did he die?

80.  Who is Eurydice?

81.  Who else is dead (41)? How did she die?

82.  How did Haemon commit suicide (42)?

83.  Why does the messenger think Eurydice leaves without speaking (42)?

84.  Who else dies (43)? How?

85.  Who is Megareus (44)?

86.  What did Eurydice do on her death bed?

87.  What does Creon want to happen fast (45)?

88.  What flaw of Creon's does the chorus point out at the end of the play?